Feeding & Nursing

For over twenty years, pediatricians and consumer groups have recom- mended breast feeding as the preferred method of providing infant nutrition. However, a number of situations may exist that make breast feeding difficult or impractical. Fortunately, a wide range of infant formulas, bottle types and nipple styles will be sure to meet you and your baby's needs. Breast pumps are also readily available for women who must express their milk when away from their babies.

	Avoid the old fashioned bulb-type syringe pumps. They are not only ineffective, but may cause bruising or more serious damage to the breast.
	Manual pumps create suction through a syringe-like piston action. They tend to be less expensive than other types. They also offer sensitivity control over the pressure and can be used anywhere. They do require two hands to operate.
	Battery operated and electrical pumps can be used with one hand - but look for one that has adjustments on the vacuum control knobs.
	Most newer pumps offer three or more sizes to fit the breast. The most advanced pumps have soft, flexible silicone funnels for comfortable positioning.

Bottles, Nipples and Pacifiers

	Most bottles today are constructed of clear plastic. They are designed to be unbreakable, yet they can develop cracks with sharp edges. Check them carefully and wash them in hot soapy water. Many are dishwasher safe.
	Size and shape is up to you and your baby. Try out a few designs and see which one suits you.
	If you choose a disposable bottle system, be sure to secure the plastic liner each time and keep extra liners on hand. Keeping a traditional plastic bottle in the house is a good idea for those occasions when you run out of plastic liners.
	Both rubber and silicone nipples are available for bottles and pacifiers. Rubber nipples will last on average two to three months. Discard them when they show signs of deteriorating. Silicone nipples are clear and less porous than rubber. Though they tend to last longer, they should still be checked regularly and replaced when necessary. Always check the nipple opening for size and additional punctures.
	Standard bell-shaped nipples and orthodontic nipples are on the market today. Your baby will determine which nipple is best. Both styles will vary with different brands. Give a number of them a try until your baby feels comfortable with one.
	To prevent accidental strangulation, never use the pacifier's ring to hang it from a ribbon or string around the baby's neck. Also never tie a pacifier to a crib rail.

Feeding Accessories

	Bottle warmers come in a variety of styles. Thermal duffles which are designed to keep foods and bottles either hot or cool are ideal for the on-the-go babies. Counter-top bottle warmers are also available. Microwaving your baby's bottle should be avoided because of uneven heating. Never microwave breast milk because it breaks down the natural chemistry. Always test the temperature before you feed your baby.
	Baby food warmers can be useful in heating and defrosting small portions of baby food. Most models come with suction cups to hold the bowl in place. If you choose a model which allows you to pour hot water into a reservoir, be sure to secure the cap on the water hole so the baby can't choke on it.
	Bibs are a must and are available in plastic, vinyl, terry cloth and other traditional fabrics. Choose bibs that suit your needs, and always carry extras.

For more information on nursery safety and other nursery equipment, contact the Consumer Products Safety Commission at 1-800-638-2772.